Monday, September 30, 2019

Professionalism in the Probation Officer Career Field

For this assignment I chose the Law Enforcement scenario, as this will hopefully relate to the probation officer career field I'd Like to pursue. I consider police officer to be very professional Individuals with assertive personalities. You have to be assertive In this profession, otherwise people might take advantage of you and try to walk all over you. I personally believe that If the officer takes pride In his personal appearance, this is also a direct reflection on the pride and work ethic he has.Vive always been a big believer that just because you might be great at your job, you also need to take the time to look good in your uniform. The appropriate attire for someone in my career field is Abs's. Being in the Air Force we have If's which govern how we must look anytime we are in uniform. We must keep our hair cut and in regulation, we can't have any visible piercing (unless you're a female), and our uniform must present a professional appearance at all times. I think that in order to e considered a professional in my career, you must not only look the part but you must be the part.What I mean by that is you have to take the time to make your uniform look good, live by our Core Values at all times, and be a positive example to the community and subordinates. Far too often you see military members who act professional while in uniform, but as soon as their uniform comes off so does their professionalism. I take pride on being someone that others can look up to, whether I have on the United States Air Force uniform or not. Professionalism extends on and off duty for me, in or out of uniform.

Sunday, September 29, 2019

Modernism and Ball Turret Gunner Essay

In this poem it says at the start everything is gold or perfect then it goes away in the end which has loss of faith. It is rejecting Eden as a hero and who is flawed. â€Å"The Life You Save May Be Your Own† is modernism because a guy shows up, asks for work, takes the truck, and leaves the blind girl he married at a restaurant. This shows how a human mind can work in an evil way. He took the old ladies blind daughter that has never left home before and she loves her daughter and never wanted her to leave home but the strange man took her and left her all by herself. There is no hero in this story. The old lady didn’t do much to be a hero and neither did the blind girl. The strange man was the opposite of a hero, was greedy, and selfish by taking the car and leaving after he repaired it. â€Å" The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner† is a contemporary work because it comments on itself by saying, â€Å"When I died they washed me out of the turret with a hoses†. This poem has multiple meanings. One meaning is that he is in his mom’s stomach. The second meaning is him in the ball turret of a B-17 airplane. This is very personal. He got killed fighting for his country and they sprayed him out with a hose and didn’t give him the proper burial and respect. Night is also a contemporary work because it is very personal. He was put in a death camp for many years treated like crap because he was jewish. They barely fed the prisoners so they starved and died. They would also kill them with gas and work them to death. He talks about the past with no fear so everyone knows what happened in the past. The whole story is commenting on itself by explaining what happened at those death camps. Some of these stories and poems are modernist and contemporary works. Whether is in our past or present its still important. The works have many meanings and people enjoy reading them for the meaning of it not just to be entertained by the story but the true meaning of it. Poems and short stories have made a big impact in education and the way society is. Many people love poems and short stories but other people can hate them. I don’t like them my self but they still are important in education and for our future world.

Saturday, September 28, 2019

COMPARATIVE LEGAL SYSTEMS( Coursework) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

COMPARATIVE LEGAL SYSTEMS( Coursework) - Essay Example By adopting the French and Italian model, Guatemala has successfully designed its judicial system. The judicial reform has brought about segmentation as because often the civil laws in Guatemala have different interpretations. The fact that, the laws are based on different legal philosophies, account for this problem. On the whole, adoption of new reform has proved to be effective for controlling administration of the State. Adoption of French civil law: Guatemala. The French were the first to adopt new regulations about sodomy. Under the new regulations, criminal charges that were till then associated with sodomy were removed. This initiative was first of its kind in Western Europe, during the eighteenth century. This legal measure was later on adopted by numerous nations like Netherlands, Guatemala, Mexico, Luxemburg, Japan, Switzerland, Greece, Thailand, etc. Laws pertaining to sodomy were adopted by Guatemala in 1871, as a measure to acknowledge natural sexual orientation in huma n beings. Thus, the French legal norms adopted by Guatemala decriminalize sexual acts- both heterogeneous and homogenous. It was a measure taken by Guatemalan government to decrease serious physical assaults. For quite some time, Guatemala has been troubled by increasing rate of hate crimes. Gays, lesbians, and transsexuals are the usual victims of hate crimes. Often the crimes committed are too violent in nature. Due to all these, it was necessary for Guatemala to adopt a specific code of law for this issue. The French civil laws were most appropriate for this issue. After adopting the French civil lows, Guatemalan government has ensured that its citizens do not face any discrimination based on their sexuality2. The French civil laws were adopted by Guatemala with an objective to simply issues regarding oral case, role of judges, responsibilities and liberty of prosecutors, and also about investigation and evidentiary arguments. Introduction of French civil laws has helped to contr ol crimes, for Guatemala has been experiencing crimes due high poverty and social inequalities. Slow economic progress is yet another reason for Guatemala having such a high crime rate. Moreover, the French civil laws have helped in controlling crime scenario. At the same time, it has also simplified Guatemala’s private laws. Also, the French laws have shaped by Guatemala’s commercial scenario. Thus, it could be said that France had numerous implications in Guatemala’s penal structure3. Difference between application of French civil law in France and Guatemala The civil laws were adopted by Guatemala differ in application in France and Guatemala. According to the French civil law, crimes of individual were viewed keeping in mind the relationship shared by the individual charged with criminal offences and his or her society. Due to this, French governments insists more on investigation procedure, thus making the while legal procedure a lengthy one. Also, French c ivil laws consider and accept every single provision, through which the accused could defend itself. The laws also hold any individual guilty only after his guilt is proven in the court of law. The French civil laws also support abolition of torture. This implies that the neither the accused nor the criminals could be subjected to cruelty and barbarism under any situation4 In France, the prisoners are even allowed to vote. Also they are not made to work or they have to attend any educational

Friday, September 27, 2019

MARKETING ESSENTIALS MARKETING PLAN FOR PIZZA HUT Essay

MARKETING ESSENTIALS MARKETING PLAN FOR PIZZA HUT - Essay Example 3.1 Market Share 05 3.2 Market Growth Chart 07 4. Market Analysis 08 4.1 Target Market Research 08 4.2 PEST Analysis 09 4.2.1 Political Factors 09 4.2.2 Economic Factors 09 4.2.3 Social and Cultural Factors 09 4.2.4 Technological Factors 10 4.2.5 Legal Factors 10 4.2.6 Environmental Factors 10 5. Market Competitors 10 5.1 Micro Environment 10 5.1.1 Competitors 10 5.1.2 Customers 11 5.1.3 Distribution Channels 12 5.1.4 Suppliers 12 5.2 SWOT Analysis 12 5.2.1 Strengths 12 5.2.2 Weaknesses 12 5.2.3 Opportunities 13 5.2.4 Threats 13 6. New Product 13 6.1 Product 14 6.2 Price 14 6.3 Promotion 15 6.4 Distribution 15 7. Future Marketing Strategies 15 7.1 SMART Analysis 15 7.2 Marketing Opportunities 15 7.3 Market Future: Acquisitions 16 7.4 New Technology and Expertise 17 8. Financial Forecast 17 8.1 First Year Cash Flow Forecast (â‚ ¤) 18 8.2 First Year Months Balance Sheet (Amount in â‚ ¤) 20 8.3 Three Years Projected Profit and Loss Statements 21 Conclusion 22 Bibliography 23 Introduction Pizza Hut is the world’s leading pizza chain presently operating approximately at 13,000 locations in more than 90 countries. Pizza Hut offers a variety of pizza items to its customers which include its flagship Pan Pizza, as well as Thin n' Crispy, Stuffed Crust, Hand Tossed, and Sicilian. Beside these items, the chain also offers salads, pasta, and sandwiches. 1. Current Position 1.1 Short History It was 1958, when two brothers Dan and Frank Camey established the Pizza Hut in Kansas. After passing several phases, today the chain is one of the well established pizza chains of the world. 1.2 Growth Overview In 1958, only two brothers started the business but today the chain has links to more than 90 countries across the world with more than 30,000 employees are working day and night (http://finance.yahoo.com/). Today it has the potential to entertain more than 171,000 customers by serving 97,000 pizzas per day in the United Kingdom alone. 1.3 Financial Overview Pizza Hut is one of the largest pizza chains. In 2007, it sold 35.4 million pizzas in the UK. During 2010, among other companies of Yum, Pizza Hut went from worst to first in its value ratings (Yum Annual Report, 2010). 2. Mission Statement We take pride in making a perfect pizza and providing courteous and helpful service on time all the time. Every customer says, "I'll be back!†. Pizza hut is an employer that offers its services to the team members for growth and rewarding career in a friendly and wo rking environment. 2.1 P.E.A.R.L.S Passion for excellence in doing everything Execute with positive energy and urgency Accountable for growth in customer satisfaction and profitability Recognize the achievement of others and have fun doing it Listen and more importantly respond to the voice of customer 3. Market Share Information 3.1 Market Share The pizza huts and restaurants provide several various sectors of the food including different types of pizzas like chicken pizza and beef pizza. Some pizza huts also offer snacks, chips, and burger related items along with beverages. Pizza Hut and Domino are the most dominant companies in UK. It has been observed that generally three types of orders are placed in pizza hut. These orders are placed with respect to nature of group and family. The figure shown as Appendix-I indicates that lunch and dinner items are having a larger share of the market as 29% of the fast food industry consists of it. Snack items and related beverages contribute 22 and 21% respectively while hot coffees, breakfast items, and side dishes have a combine share of 28% (Menu Composition Analysis, 2010). Global financial market share of leading companies is shown on the next page. Pizza Hut, Domino, Papa John’s, and Little Caesars are the leading pizza companies of the world. The chart given as Appendix-I

Thursday, September 26, 2019

Native American Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Native American Music - Essay Example Dance competitions are usually a part of a Powwow to promote interaction between the people within the same tribes or between different people from different tribes. The Grand entry marks the beginning of a Powwow. All the people enter the showground and everyone is asked to hoist up flags. These flags include different tribal flags along with a US flag which is raised in memory of all the wars and battles waged by the tribesmen in the country. The music for the songs and the dance competition is provided by the drums. The drum is specially designed to be large and a group of drummers beat it while the traditional songs are being sung. There is generally a starting song for the event, the grand entry song as a call for all the people who have participated, flag songs to show patriotism and respect and a closing song to mark the end of the Powwow. The Powwow is a way of the tribes’ thanksgiving to the creator and the dances are treated like an offering. The dance performances a re a way of celebration of the circle of life and for this reason the setting of the Powwow is also a circle. The area reserved for dancing is known as arbor and is also a large circular area within the location. Most of the cultural activities like contest dancing, drum competition, ceremonials, singing and cultural exhibition usually take place inside the arbor. Contest dancing is actually an evolution of the traditional dancing in which good dancers were awarded with small prizes. Now the dancers have huge fan following and are given heavy cash prizes for the entertainment they provide to everyone attending the Powwow. The other entertainment activities like gambling games, parades, food stalls, exhibition of arts and crafts usually take place outside the arbor. After the grand entry performance and the flag songs, there are traditional dances performed which include the sneak-up dance, victory dance, inter-tribal dance and veteran’s dance. An important part of the Powwow culture is the respect and veneration which they hold for traditions and individuals. Honoring songs are hence also an essential part of a Powwow. Honoring songs are sung not only for particular persons but also in reminiscence of a particular event. These songs may praise the valor of a hero or the administration skills of a well known leader of a particular tribe. These songs may also be sung in remembrance of a war or a particular cultural practice. Sneak up dance song: The sneak up dance is one of the most famous dances of the Native American tribes. The dance is actually a tableau of a scene which depicts how to ‘sneak’ up on an enemy or a prey. There are many different versions of this dance but all of them run on the same theme of using stealth to gain an advantage over the opponent. In the most famous and the oldest version of the dance, arbor represents a battle ground where some men have become wounded and need help from their companions. Before the start of t he dance, the wounded are escorted in the middle of the arbor. During the first part of the dance the wounded stay in their position motionless while the dancers dance with their heads facing the wounded. Then the rolling beat starts on the drums to create thundering sound which actually symbolizes the action and mayhem of the battlefield. The drum beats then become slow and the dancers slow their movement and advance towards the wounded. When the beating stops, the dancers freeze in

Wednesday, September 25, 2019

Why is it important to pay attention in class Essay

Why is it important to pay attention in class - Essay Example Hence, instructors have a basic part in keeping learners on learning track (Driscoll 23). Regard less of the particular models of listening conduct that exist, most concur that listening or attention includes sensing, going to, deciphering, recollecting, and respond ­ing to boosts (the sights and sounds we listen to). Paying attention in classroom incorporates many things. Sensing alludes to our five faculties and the sum of the data audience members can pick up from them. The faculties of listening to and sight are most applicable to the present dialog of tuning in. When learners completely listen to anything, they first sense it by listening to it, seeing it, or both. In the classroom, there are various things learners can sense: the lawnmower outside, the two understudies talking and snickering in the back, the magnetic understudy in the following seat over, the person with the uproarious hack, and possibly the instructor. Add to the greater part of this tactile data any mental preoccupations: an alternate class in which a person may be battling, issues with money r elated help, nervousness about an approaching discourse, whats continuing throughout the weekend, issues with a beau or sweetheart, issues at work, issues with a flat mate or with family at home (Driscoll 41). Given this plenitude of accessible tangible jolts, it is clear that educators are not ensured their scholars consideration. Learners may have the capacity to sense every ­ thing, however they cant keep their concentrate on everything and thusly they must be particular in their consideration. Something must be yielded, and unless instructors are receptive to their understudies listening conduct it may be the instructors message that is disregarded. Educators ought to be mindful that consideration regarding classroom messages requires exertion and that consideration compasses are short when contrasted with the regular length of a lecture. Paying attention in classroom helps students to

Tuesday, September 24, 2019

Rules and Regulations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Rules and Regulations - Essay Example Expectation: â€Å"Students raising their hand†; all students will be needed to raise their hand any time they have a question. In addition to this, all students will be required to give adequate time to their colleagues to answer and contribute in the classroom conversation. This is to ensure that all students participate and contribute adequately during classes. Some students if left to decide whether to contribute or not may never contribute in class. As a measure to ensure full participation, constant encouragement to participate in classroom discussions and positive reinforcement will be implemented or encouraged. Expectation: â€Å"preparing to go home†; all students will be required to ensure their classrooms are clean by keeping away materials in the right place. They will put their chairs on top of the allocated desks/tables. The classroom will end by meeting at the assembly hall where the students and teachers discuss what they learned throughout the day (Franco & ODonoghue, 2004). The discussions will be conducted in the foreign language learnt in school in order to ensure effective practice of the

Monday, September 23, 2019

Socrates on Unexamined Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Socrates on Unexamined Life - Essay Example Socrates insistence on this claim portrays that human beings are born or called to reflect upon their beliefs, speak to seek out, account for what they do not know and know, live accordance to their views and defend those beliefs that make a meaningful and well-lived life. Socrates was right to make this claim (Plato, 2015). It follows human nature to live examined lives. For instance, we naturally live by the directions of pain and pleasure. Human beings are naturally drawn to the forces of wealth, power, and reputation. Socrates’ call to live an examined life does not necessarily show insistence to reject such inclinations and motivations (Plato, 2009). Instead, his claim was an injunction to appraise the true worth of the human soul. He believed that people should live by reflections upon their everyday values and motivations, and most importantly, to inquire knowledge into the real world and worth. Subsequently, if there is any. In case there is no value, it is upon the pe ople to pursue the things that they believe are truly valuable.Socrates’ thoughts on examining life prepare one to be as good, as he or she could. During his jurisdictions, he examines the lives of the juror. Socrates, who awaited prosecution at that time, ends up being the prosecutor when he surreptitiously accuses those behind his conviction and sentences him of failing to live a good life that respects humanity (Plato, 2009). He challenges them that they would never escape from self-examination just by executing him.

Sunday, September 22, 2019

Women strangth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Women strangth - Essay Example All of this is understood to have contributed to the character of the woman who shuffles her way to town. Not until the end does Welty tell us that Phoenix is making this difficult trip in order to get the medicine her chronically-ill grandson needs in order to breathe. By the end of the story, the character Phoenix Jackson is seen as a fully developed human being despite the short space of time in which she is introduced. Through symbolic imagery and careful organization, Welty is able to present Phoenix Jackson in loving detail as a fully fledged human being rather than simply as a character. At the opening of the story, the reader joins Phoenix at a point on her path where she is in an evergreen forest. This forest is described as being full of springy needles and bright sun. In this story, the pine trees symbolize the springiness and sunshine of youth. Pine wood is a soft wood which means it’s easier to bend it and shape it to new purposes. This is an example of what Phoenix was like as a young girl. In youth, she was still full of bright hopes and dreams that were often â€Å"almost too bright to look at† (142). However, pine wood is also very easy to damage with its softer skin, and Phoenix herself was also vulnerable to these dangers. However, she is no longer so vulnerable as she proves herself capable of defending herself against any rustle she hears in the thicket, â€Å"Out of my way, all you foxes, owls, beetles, jack rabbits, coons and wild animals!’ †¦ Under her small black-freckled hand her cane, limber as a buggy whip, would switc h at the brush as if to rouse up any hiding things† (143). The upward slope of the pine forest symbolizes Phoenix’s maturing out of childhood as much as it can be seen to be the struggle of the black race out of slavery. While that was a difficult struggle in itself, it wasn’t the last hurdle to be overcome

Saturday, September 21, 2019

College Degree Essay Example for Free

College Degree Essay When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one person to dissolve the bands which has connected him to a low paying career with little hope for advancement, and to assume that the powers that be will not offer him the promotions and recognition that he feels he deserves to which the laws of nature and natures God entitles him, a decent respect to the hope he has for his future requires that he should declare the steps which he will take to achieve the goals which he has set for himself. . I have many goals which I hope to achieve through the attainment of my degrees. For the purpose of this recourse I will delve into three of them. The first goal I have is to attain a higher paying job. The second goal that I have is to work my way into a position of leadership. Finally, neither my father, mother nor brother has gone to college therefore it is my desire to be the first of our family to attain a degree. In the job market today high paying jobs are at a premium. I believe I heard a statistic once that said the average income for a single income home is around fifty-thousand dollars. I have lived in this income bracket and know how difficult it can be to maintain a household on that income. With a house payment and two car payments and everything else that goes into maintaining a home that can quickly drain a families finances. I recently took a higher paying job, in the upper sixties and just that small increase in salary has done wonders for my families cash flow. I hope to attain a position which pays in the nineties to low one-hundreds and beyond. Most jobs which pay high salary require as a requisite that the person in that position has a high level of education. Typically, the higher the level of education the higher the level of pay. I have always had many leadership qualities and I enjoy working with others to help them succeed. Leadership offers a unique opportunity to guide others and help them along their paths of success. I do not measure my personal success on how high of a leadership position that I can attain but rather the number of people that I can help to achieve the goals which they have set for themselves. Whether it be helping others increase knowledge or accomplish goals or just help them along their journey, I know that from a position of leadership I can help others in this way. That is why I wish to be a leader. Many positions of leadership require that you have degrees to go with your experience, so that is how I am hoping that a college degree will help me. Finally, I have a personal goal of being the first in my family to earn a college degree. Being a parent I know now that the old adage is true, parents always want their kids to do better in life than they have done. I know this is true of my parents. They have always hoped that I would do better than them and have always encouraged and supported me along that path. When I look back upon my college career it will be with a sense of pride knowing that this is something that my parents wanted for me just as much as I have desired it. I also know that my parents have a great hope and expectation that I provide a good life for their grandson and while money and recognition are not everything they certainly take some of the burden of raising a child off of you. In summation, all of my goals of earning degrees revolve around my son. When my son was born I immediately knew that I had to return to school. I had been floundering for too long in lower paying positions with little hope for advancement. My father provided a stable home as I was growing up, we never had to worry about money or food. My hope is that I will provide that and more for my family. By attaining a college degree I put my self into a much better position to attain a position which pays higher salaries. Additionally, it will allow me to help others by being in a position of leadership. Finally, the pride that I will have in myself and the pride that I know my parents and family will have in me will make the whole journey that much sweeter.

Friday, September 20, 2019

Why Software Engineering Is Important Information Technology Essay

Why Software Engineering Is Important Information Technology Essay Software Engineering is the discipline providing methods and tools for the construction of quality software with a limited budget and a given deadline, in the context of constant requirements change. It involves the elicitation of the systems requirements, the specification of the system, its architectural and detailed design .In addition, the system needs to be verified and validated, a set of activities that commonly take more than 50% of all development resources. Testing techniques and tools, at different levels (unit, integration, and system) are needed. Software development being a human intensive process, management and quality control techniques are also required to run successful projects and construct quality systems. In most systems, including telecommunication systems, software is the overriding component in terms of cost and complexity. Good software engineering practices and tools can therefore make a substantial difference, even to the extent that they may be the driving force of the project success. What is the role of SE in Telecom and System engineering? Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering that focuses on how complex engineering projects should be designed and managed. Issues such as logistics, the coordination of different teams, and automatic control of machinery become more difficult when dealing with large, complex projects. Systems engineering deals with work-processes and tools to handle such projects, and it overlaps with both technical and human-centered disciplines such as control engineering and project management. System engineering deals with all aspects of computer-based system development. Software engineering is a part of system engineering. System engineering is to identify the roles of hardware, software, people, database and other system elements involved with that system which is going to be developed. Software engineering is to tell the practicalities of developing and delivering useful software. From its beginnings, software engineering has helped shape modern systems engineering practice. The techniques used in the handling of complexes of large software-intensive systems has had a major effect on the shaping and reshaping of the tools, methods and processes of SE. Before software can be engineered, the system in which it resides must be understood. To accomplish this, the overall objective of the system must be determined, the role of hardware, software, people, database, procedures, and other system elements must be identified, and operational requirements must be elicited, analyz ed, specified, modeled, validated, and managed. It is these activities that are the foundation of system engineering. During system design, developers define the design goals of the project and decompose the system into smaller subsystems that can be realized by individual teams. Developers also select strategies for building the system, such as the hardware/software platform on which the system will run, the persistent data management strategy, the global control flow, the access control policy, and the handling of boundary conditions. The result of system design is a clear description of each of these strategies, subsystem decomposition, and a deployment diagram representing the hardware/software mapping of the system. SECTION A: Question 5: Hypothesize a rationale for the following design decisions: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The ticket distributor will be at most one and a half meters tall. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The ticket distributor will include two redundant computer systems. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The ticket distributor will include a touch screen for displaying instructions and inputting commands. The only other control will be a cancel button for aborting a transaction. Answer: The ticket distributor will be at most one and a half meters tall. Every person can purchase the ticket including children and people with short height. The ticket distributor will include two redundant computer systems. Alternative In case if machine fails to work. Ticket distribution not to be interrupted. For data backup. To achieve a high level of availability. The ticket distributor will include a touch screen for displaying instructions and inputting commands. The only other control will be a cancel button for aborting a transaction. Enable substantial modifications to the interface. To enhance interactivity. Easier interface easily used by anyone. To let users stop their transactions any time. Question 7: Specify which of the following decisions were made during requirements or system design: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The ticket distributor is composed of a user interface subsystem, a subsystem for computing tariff, and a network subsystem managing communication with the central computer. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The ticket distributor will use PowerPC processor chips. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The ticket distributor provides the traveler with an on-line help. Answer: First and second lies in system design decision while third one is requirements design decision. Question 9: A passenger aircraft is composed of several millions of individual parts and requires thousands of persons to assemble. A four-lane highway bridge is another example of complexity. The first version of Word for Windows, a word processor released by Microsoft in November 1989, required 55 person-years, resulted into 249,000 lines of source code, and was delivered 4 years late. Aircraft and highway bridges are usually delivered on time and below budget, whereas software is often not. Discuss what are, in your opinion, the differences between developing an aircraft, a bridge, and a word processor, which would cause this situation. Answer: Requirements are non-sequential i.e. a new requirement may invalidate prior  requirement. No visible progress at end of day. Non-deterministic demands results in change of design. Many bridges and aircraft are simply refinements of other existing artifacts. This reduces the proportion of the  overall effort that is dedicated to design. Budget changes with every single change in requirement and with increased number of refinement cycles. Use of mature technologies and well defined processes in case of bridges, airplanes, etc. Innovative piece with no precedence.